FLUID MECHANICS
Stampa
Enrollment year
2018/2019
Academic year
2018/2019
Regulations
DM270
Academic discipline
ICAR/01 (HYDRAULICS)
Department
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
Course
CIVIL ENGINEERING
Curriculum
Idraulico
Year of study
Period
2nd semester (06/03/2019 - 14/06/2019)
ECTS
9
Lesson hours
76 lesson hours
Language
Italian
Activity type
WRITTEN AND ORAL TEST
Teacher
SIBILLA STEFANO (titolare) - 3 ECTS
MANENTI SAURO - 6 ECTS
Prerequisites
Basics of vector and tensor algebra.
Mathematical foundations.
Integral theorems (Stokes and Gauss).
Learning outcomes
At the end of the Course, the student will acquire the fundamental theoretical concepts and mathematical tools for the analysis of relevant problems in the hydraulic engineering field, such as: free surface water waves (linear waves, translation waves), filtration flows in porous media, transient flows (water hammer, flood waves), stationary hydrodynamic forces on surfaces.
Course contents
PART I
Review of mathematical foundations: vector and tensor algebra; coordinate systems; Stokes theorem and Gauss theorem.
Analysis of stress: the continuum concept; Cauchy stress principle; stress tensor; principal stress; deviator and spherical stress tensor.
Deformation and strain: Lagrangian and Eulerian description; small deformation theory; strain tensor; principal strains; spherical and deviator strain tensor; plane strain; compatibility equations; velocity gradient tensor; rate of deformation tensor; vorticity tensor.
Fundamental laws of continuum mechanics: mass conservation - continuity equation; Reynolds transport theorem; linear momentum conservation; angular momentum conservation; energy conservation.
Constitutive equations: Newtonian fluid.
Navier-Stokes equations; special cases: perfect fluid; Euler and Bernoulli equations; Kelvin theorem. Global momentum equation.
Common non-Newtonian rheological models.
Small amplitude wave theory: solution of the linearized boundary value problem (BVP); dispersion equation; water particle kinematics and trajectories; pressure field; energy of the wave field; wave propagation on cylindrical bathymetry; mild slope conditions; shoaling and refraction.
PART II
Theory of turbulence: instability, turbulence scales, Reynolds averaged equations. Wall turbulence: velocity profiles. Applications to turbulent flows in pipes and open channels.
Hydrodynamic forces: drag, lift, hydrodynamic coefficients. Application of the global momentum equation to the evaluation of hydrodynamic forces.
Non-stationary hydraulic problems: water hammer, method of characteristics.
Filtration flows in porous media.
Teaching methods
Lectures and practical classes
Reccomended or required readings
R. Aris "Vectors, tensors, and the basic equations of fluid mechanics" Dover pub.
W. Prager "Introduction to mechanics of continua" Ginn and Co. 1961
P.C. Chou & N.J. Pagano "Elasticity, tensor, dyadic, and engineering approaches" Dover pub.
R.G. Dean & R.A. Darlymple "Water wave mechanics for engineers and scientists" World Scientific.
De Girolamo P., Franco L., Noli A. "Fondamenti di oceanografia e idraulica marittima per ingegneri", dispense del corso (in Italian).
A. Ghetti "Idraulica" Libreria int. Cortina - Padova 2004.
Wilkinson W.L., Non-Newtonian fluids. 1960 Pergamon Press.
Citrini D., Noseda D., Idraulica. CEA, Milano 1987
Tennekes H., Lumley J.L., A first course in turbulence, MIT Press 1972
Assessment methods
Oral exam on problems proposed during practical classes, with discussion of related theoretical aspects.
Further information
Lecture notes can be downloaded from the course page on the platform KIRO (https://elearning2.unipv.it/ingegneria/)
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