2016/2017

2018/2019

DM270

CHIM/07 (FOUNDATIONS OF CHEMISTRY FOR TECHNOLOGIES)

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

PERCORSO COMUNE

3°

1st semester (01/10/2018 - 18/01/2019)

6

54 lesson hours

Italian

WRITTEN AND ORAL TEST

CAPSONI DORETTA (titolare) - 3 ECTS
BERBENNI VITTORIO - 3 ECTS

Basic knowledge of Mathematics, differential calculus, integral calculus.

The course aims to provide the fundamentals of chemistry and chemical-physics useful for the comprehension of materials structure-activity relationship. It also discusses on the materials of specific interest to the Master of Science in Civil Engineering and Architecture.

Basics of chemical formulas and chemical reactions
Qualitative and quantitative aspects of chemical formulas and reactions, stoichiometry, principal reaction types.

Basics of chemical bond theory
Electronic configuration of elements and periodic properties. Ionic, covalent, polarized-covalent, coordination and metallic bonds. Molecular geometries. Dipolar moments of molecules. Intermolecular interactions: hydrogen-bond, van der Waals forces and dispersion forces. Ionic and covalent valences of elements of s, p block and first transition row. Oxides, hydrides, anions and cations, salts.

States of matter
Gaseous state: ideal gases and real gases. The ideal gas equation. Gaseous mixtures, Dalton’s law, PVT calculations. Solid state: crystalline systems, Bravais’ lattices, compact structures, reference structures for ionic salts. Covalent (diamonds, graphite, silicon, quartz), metallic and molecular crystals. Liquid crystals. Liquid state: surface tension, adhesion and cohesion forces, wettability, vapor tension.

Thermodynamics, kinetics and chemical equilibrium
Thermodynamic state functions. Enthalpy of formation of compounds, heats of reaction, thermodynamic cycles (Hess law), reaction isotherm. The equilibrium in gaseous phase, the equilibrium constant, reaction quotient, the effect of temperature. Basics of chemical kinetics.

Solutions
The measuring units of concentration: molarity, molality, w/w and w/v percent. Solubility equilibrium (solubility product). Acid-base equilibrium, definition of pH, pH of strong and weak acids and basis.

Phase equilibria
Phase state diagram of water. Thermal analysis of alloys. Eutectic diagrams and diagrams with total and partial solubility in the solid phase.

Electrochemistry
Electrode potentials and basics of batteries. Standard electrochemical potentials, Nernst equation. Corrosion phenomena of metals, passivation, corrosion protection. Electrolysis.

Materials
Polymeric materials and structure/property relationship. Metals and ferrous alloys: steel, cast iron, the Fe/C diagram. Thermal treatments. Ceramic materials. Building materials: lime, hydraulic lime, plaster, cements. Wood and derivatives.

Lectures (hours/year in lecture theatre): 54
Practical class (hours/year in lecture theatre): 0
Practicals / Workshops (hours/year in lecture theatre): 0

R. Chang, K. Goldsby, Fondamenti di chimica generale, Seconda Edizione, Mc Graw Hill - Education

Written exam.

Written exam.