2021/2022

2022/2023

DM270

DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL-SURGICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND PEDIATRIC SCIENCES

SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE

PERCORSO COMUNE

2°

1st semester (03/10/2022 - 23/01/2023)

7

Italian

Basic knowledge of Biology, Histology, General Chemistry and Inorganic and Organic Chemistry

The course of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology aims to bring students to the knowledge of the molecular basis of biological systems and of the structure-function relationships of macromolecules, with particular reference to the composition and main functions of tissues and fluids of the oral cavity. The main metabolic pathways and their regulation at the molecular, cellular and tissue level is also emphasized and, in order to provide students with the biochemical knowledge to be applied in dental practice, the topics are treated by integrating chemical, physiological and pathological aspects of human biochemistry. . Learn about the structure, functioning and regulation of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes. Theoretical knowledge of basic molecular technologies and their biomedical applications

The main objectives of the course consist in training students capable of orienting themselves in the vast discipline of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology by acquiring adequate skills to understand and be able to describe:
1. CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, FUNCTIONS, STRUCTURE AND METABOLIC ROLE OF THE MAIN BIOMOLECULES (sugars, lipids, amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, and their derivatives);
2. THE MECHANISMS OF PRODUCTION OF METABOLIC ENERGY AND THE ENERGETIC AND STRUCTURAL HOMEOSTASIS OF THE LIVING (General aspects, anabolism and catabolism, coupled reactions, high-energy compounds. Principles of bioenergetics. Structure and function of ATP, the mechanisms of production ATP The main coenzymes involved in the metabolic pathways Anaerobiosis and aerobiosis The role of oxygen in metabolism ROS (production of reactive oxygen species and body defense systems) Glutathione.
3. METABOLIC INTERRELATIONS WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE BIO-MEDICAL FIELD (Metabolic inter-relations between the various organs. Fasting-nutrition cycle. Hormonal regulation. Mechanism of action of protein and steroid hormones. The meaning of the second messengers. Biochemical aspects. of human pathologies: diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, cancer (notes); The extracellular matrix).
4. COMPOSITION OF THE BONE AND TEETH. Main components: collagen, proteoglycans and phosphoproteins. Dentin. Concrete. Nail varnish. Biological apatites. SALIVA AND ITS FUNCTIONS. Constitution in organic and inorganic compounds. Salivary proteins. Saliva buffer systems. BIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF DENTAL CARIES AND PARADONTAL PATHOLOGY. Dental plaque and its metabolism. Plaque-induced disease prevention. MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF THE TRANSDUCTION OF TASTE.
5. MOELCULAR BIOLOGY: 1. Structure of DNA and RNA. Structure of genes and human genome. Propagation, conservation and variability of genetic information (replication, repair and recombination). Transfer of genetic information into RNA (transcription) and maturation of transcripts. Decoding of genetic language into proteins (translation).
Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression.
Recombinant DNA technologies.
Transgenic and knock-out animals as models of human diseases and for the study of gene function.
Medical applications of molecular biology.

The course will take place with oral lectures that will make use of multimedia systems (Lectures with PPT). The teacher will be available throughout the duration of the course, by appointment via e-mail (visai.odontoiatria@unipv.it and nora.bloise@unipv.it), to answer questions and support students during their training, even with individual meetings.

Testi di riferimento:
“Le basi della biochimica” di Denise Ferrier – Zanichelli
“Marks biochimica medica un approccio clinico” di M. Lieberman e A. Marks – Ambrosiana
“Biochimica”di Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell - EDISES

The exam of the course of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology includes a written exam concerning the main topics of the program related to the 2 single modules

For further information, students are asked to write to the following email address:
visai.odontoiatria@unipv.it

goal 4 - quality education
goal 5 - gender equality
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