2020/2021

2020/2021

DM270

BIO/17 (HISTOLOGY)

DEPARTMENT OF BRAIN AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

SPEECH AND LANGUAGE THERAPY

PERCORSO COMUNE

1°

1st semester (05/10/2020 - 22/01/2021)

2

16 lesson hours

Italian

WRITTEN TEST

ICARO CORNAGLIA ANTONIA - 2 ECTS

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The course aims to provide the student with the cognitive and methodological tools necessary for:

Histology
1. recognize and describe the main parts of the cell from a structural point of view, assigning each component its specific function.
2. understand the concept of “cell differentiation” and be able to correlate the morphological differences with the respective functional activities.
3. recognize and describe the tissues of the human body, highlighting the relationship between morphological aspect and functional significance.
4. connect the distribution of tissues in the various structures of the human body, as a prerequisite for the study of microscopic anatomy.

Introduction on basic histological techniques in order to be able to interpret the images proposed during the course. Size of cells and tissues; concept of resolving power (resolution): resolution of the human eye, of the light microscope (ML) and of the electron microscope (ME). Preparation of histological sections: inclusion, sectioning and staining of a “common preparation”. Staining with hematoxylin / eosin (concept of acidophilia and basophilia), notes on Brachet's test. CYTOLOGY Notes on cell differentiation. Structure and functional significance of the plasma membrane (permeability, endocytosis and exocytosis, receptors). Structure of the nucleus, the nucleolus and the nuclear envelope. Structure and functional correlates of cytoplasmic organelles (smooth and granular endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi complex, lysosomes, mitochondria, cytoskeleton and centriole) HISTOLOGY: EPITHELIAL TISSUE (ET) Characteristics of TE, its relationship with connective T, classification according to the different functions. Coating epithelia: classification and examples of anatomical distribution. Cell junctions (desmosomes, tight junctions and occluding junctions), vibrating cilia, microvilli Glandular epithelia, origin, general structural characteristics of the exocrine and endocrine glands, with anatomical references. CONNECTIVE TISSUE (CT) Origin and general organization of tropho-connective tissues. CT loose and dense: cell types, the extracellular matrix (fibers and fundamental substance); anatomical classification and distribution of the different connective types. Notes on white and brown adipose tissue. Cartilage tissue: cell types and matrix; anatomical classification and distribution of cartilages. Perichondrium. Bone tissue: characteristics and distribution of compact and spongy bone; cell types, the bone matrix; bone reworking. Bone lamella. Periosteum. Blood: plasma, cells type (ML and ME morphology and hints on their functional significance). Leukocyte formula. MUSCLE TISSUE (TM) Generalities and classification. Striated skeletal muscle tissue: structure of the muscles inserted into the skeleton. Skeletal striated muscle fiber: ML and ME morphology; origin and relationship with CT, sarcolemma and sarcoplasm. Red fibers and white fibers. The sarcomere, thick and thin myofilaments. The triad as the seat of the coupling between nerve impulse and muscle contraction. Smooth muscle tissue: anatomical organization and localization; the muscle fiber cell, ML and ME morphology. Single-unit and visceral musculature; peristaltic movements. Cardiac striated muscle tissue: appearance of cardiac striated muscle cells in ML and ME; scalariform traits. NERVOUS TISSUE The neuron: morphological, structural and ultrastructural characteristics; histophysiological notes on the characteristic functions (excitability and conductivity). Morphological basis of nerve impulse transmission, nerve and neuromuscular synapses. Histological and functional classification of neurons with anatomical references. Nerve fiber and nerve. Glial cells.

frontal lessons

Istologia per corsi di laurea in professioni sanitarie. Adamo, Comoglio, Molinaro, Siracusa, Stefanini, Ziparo. Piccin
• Istologia di Monesi. Adamo, Comoglio, Dolfi, Molinaro, Papaccio, Siracusa, Stefanini, Ziparo. Piccin
• Citologia Istologia. Casasco. Medea

The exam consists of a written test using multiple choice tests.
The exam is passed with a rating NOT lower than 18/30.
The exam program, unless otherwise specified by the teacher, consists of the topics covered during the course.