2020/2021

2022/2023

DM270

MED/14 (NEPHROLOGY)

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH, NEUROSCIENCE, EXPERIMENTAL AND FORENSIC MEDICINE

DIETISTIC

PERCORSO COMUNE

3°

(03/10/2022 - 20/01/2023)

3

24 lesson hours

Italian

WRITTEN AND ORAL TEST

RAMPINO TERESA - 3 ECTS

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The course aims to provide knowledge of
the anatomy of the kidney and urinary tract, elements of renal physiology (glomerular hemodynamics, function of the tubule, measurement of renal function), the basis for the recognition of nephrological pathologies through the examination of urine,
the elements to understand the mechanisms underlying chronic renal failure, acute renal failure, diabetic nephropathy, kidney stones
-the elementary notions of renal function replacement therapies: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. In addition, the course aims to provide the basis to elaborate a diet in acute, chronic renal failure and in dialysis treatment.

Anatomy of the kidney and urinary tract
Elements of renal physiology
Glomerular hemodynamics:
- renal perfusion,
- glomerular filtration: measurement
- renal self-regulation
- renin angiotensin system
- tubulo-glomerular feedback
Sodium reabsorption
Potassium reabsorption and secretion
Concentration and dilution of urine

Urinalysis: analysis and evaluation of results
 
Chronic renal failure
Causes of chronic renal failure
Progression of chronic renal failure
Renal adaptation to nephron loss
Water metabolism in chronic renal failure
Sodium metabolism in chronic renal failure
Potassium metabolism in chronic renal failure
Calcium-phosphorus metabolism in chronic renal failure
Alterations in lipid metabolism in chronic renal failure
Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism in chronic renal failure
 
Dietary therapy of chronic renal failure
Hypoproteic-high-calorie diet: protein intake
and energy
Contribution of vitamins, salt and water
Calcium, phosphorus and potassium intake
Diet compliance check
 
Acute renal failure
Acute functional renal failure
Acute organic kidney failure
Acute obstructive renal failure
 Diagnosis and diet therapy of acute renal failure
 
 Kidney and diabetes
Alterations of carbohydrate and kidney metabolism
glycosuria and TmG
Diabetic nephropathy
pathogenesis
natural history and clinical picture
how to slow the evolution of diabetic nephropathy
diet therapy
 
Extracorporeal hemodialysis
The filter
The artificial kidney
Vascular access
The dialysis liquid
The diffusive transport of solutes
The convective transport of solutes
     Dietary therapy of the patient on extracorporeal dialysis
 
Peritoneal dialysis:
Dialysis membrane
Access to the peritoneum
Execution methods
Comparison between peritoneal and extracorporeal dialysis
Diet therapy in patients on peritoneal dialysis
 
The pathologies of the patient on dialysis
 Secondary hyperparathyroidism: diagnosis and diet therapy
Anemia of the uremic patient
 
Urinary tract calculi
Definition and incidence of the various types of stones
Calculations of calcium salts
Pathogenesis and diet therapy
Uric acid calculations
Pathogenesis and diet therapy
Cystine calculations
 Pathogenesis and diet therapy
 
Kidney transplant:
Transplantation immunology.
Living transplant,transplant from a donor after brain death or circulatory death.
Evaluation of patient before transplantation. Transplant complications in the short and long term.
Therapy and diet in the transplanted patient

The course is organized in lectures and a day in laboratory to learn the technique of urine analysis and a day in the hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis center to know the techniques of dialysis.

Libetta C. et al.
Malattie Renali ED Piccini
Schena FP et al . Malattie dei reni e delle vie urinarie. Ed Ragni
Dal Canton A., Rampino T. Lessons of nephrology. A pocket-size handbook of renal disease

Oral exam
Evaluation scale 0-30
The oral exam will focus on the topics covered in class and will serve to assess the level of achievement of the objectives, the communicative ability and the use of appropriate scientific language.

During the academic year, the tutor is available for individual meetings or groups of students in order to provide clarifications and information on the topics covered.
Tel. +390382502591 e-mail: t.rampino@matteo.pv.it

Health and well-being
Clean water and hygiene
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