An overview of the Nervous System. Anatomical organization of the Nervous System.
Central Nervous System. Peripheral Nervous System. Autonomic Nervous System. The general senses: sensory endings and sensory receptors. Reflexes.
THE SPINAL CORD
Gross anatomy of the spinal cord. Spinal meninges. Organization of gray matter. Organization of white matter. Spinal reflexes. Higher centers and integration of reflexes.
THE BRAIN
An overview of organization of the brain. Gray matter and white matter organization. The cranial meninges. The blood-brain barrier. Cerebrospinal fluid and the ventricles of the brain. The cerebral emispheres: motor and sensory areas of the cerebral cortex, association areas, integrative centers. The central white matter. The basal nuclei. The limbic system. The Diencephalon: the epithalamus. the thalamus, the hypothalamus. The mesencephalon. The pons. The cerebellum. The medulla oblongata. Sensory and motor pathways. Higher-order functions.
PERIPHERAL DISTRIBUTION OF CRANIAL NERVES, PERIPHERAL DISTRIBUTION OF SPINAL NERVES, AUTONOMIC DIVISION OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
Sympatethic (Thoracolumbar) division. Parasympatethic (Craniosacral) division. Ganglionic neurons. Peripheral distribution of (Sympatethic and Parasimpatethic) preganglionic and postganglionic fibers. Target-organs and effects of stimulations. Innervation patterns. Relationship between the sympatethic and parasimpatethic divisions. Integration and control of autonomic functions.
The external ear. The middle ear. The inner ear. Auditory pathways. Auditory cortex.
VISION
Extraocular muscles. Accessory structures of the eye. The eye. Visual pathways. Cortical integration. The brain stem and visual processing.
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
An overview of the endocrine system. The pituitary gland. The thyroid gland. The parathyroid glands. The thymus. The suprarenal glands. Endocrine functions of the kidneys and heart. The pancreas and other endocrine tissues of the digestive system. Endocrine tissues of the reproductive system. The pineal gland.
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
An overview of the respiratory system. The nose and nasal cavity. The pharynx. The larynx. The trachea. The primary bronchi. The lungs. The pleural cavities and pleural membranes. Respiratory muscles and pulmonary ventilation.
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
An overview of the digestive system. The oral cavity. The esophagus. The stomach, The small intestine. The large intestine. The liver. The gallbladder. The pancreas.
THE URINARY SYSTEM
The kidneys. The ureters. The urinary bladder. The urethra. The micturition reflex and urination.
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
The testes: spermatogenesis and meiosis, spermiogenesis, anatomy of spermatozoon. The epididymis. The ductus deferens. The urethra. The seminal glands. The prostate gland. The bulbo-urethral glands. Semen. The Penis.
The ovaries. The ovarian cycle and oogenesis. The uterine tubes. The uterus. The uterine cycle. The vagina. The external genitalia. The mammary glands. Pregnancy and the female reproductive system.
Menopause and the male climateric.
HUMAN ANATOMY MICROSTRUCTURES
Skin and its appendages
Epidermis- Langherans cells and Hair bulb and follicle
Lymphatic System
Lymphonode and Thymus gland
Gastrointestinal Tract
Tongue, Oesophagus and Stomach - Small and large intestine
Respiratory Tract
Pleura and Lungs - Trachea and Bronchi
Urogenital System
Kidney and Ureter - Bladder Prostate and Urethra - Male and female reproductive system
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